Introduction
Darius, I erected Persepolis as the Persian Empire's new ceremonial capital. The city once held the title of the most magnificent capital in all of antiquity. Darius I, the illustrious ruler of the ancient Persian Empire (r. 522-486 BCE), ordered and constructed Persepolis in present-day Iran. The complex, which included a number of lavish structures and palaces, functioned as the ceremonial center of the ancient Persian Empire. Although it is more commonly known by its Greek name, Persepolis, the city was given the Persian name Parsa.
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Persepolis capital of the Persian Empire Seed of the king of kings persepolis was built by Darius I as the new ceremonial capital of the Persian Empire.
The city was once referred to as the most magnificent capital in the ancient world, persepolis in modern-day Iran was commissioned and built by Darius I 522-486 BC, the great king of the ancient Persian Empire, the complex consisted of several opulent, architectural buildings and palaces, which served as the ceremonial capital of the ancient Persian Empire, the Persians named the city parsa, although it is better known by its Greek name.
Persepolis persepolis is situated approximately 30 miles Northeast of Shiraz in the province of fars located in southwestern Iran.
It is located at the convergence of the Pulver seventh and core rivers in a valley, surrounded by mountains.
The building project started between 518 and 515 BC.
And the City was destroyed in 330 BC by the Greeks under Alexander, the Great controversy and unrest, surrounded the succession of Darius I.
The great to the throne of the Persian Empire 522 BC was in control of the Persian Empire.
When his brother came by sees two 530-522 BC, who was away campaigning in Egypt died in 522.
Bc bardia was assassinated.
Shortly after succeeding him as king, there was speculation that Darius was behind the murder.
This led to rebellions and unrest by the Persians.
It is assumed that Darius I commissioned the construction of persepolis to Leave Behind These complications.
And in the process, establish his reputation and Power, this also required relocating, the new capital city at a distance from the old capital of passargery and the other administrative centers and Royal palaces of Babylon, Susa and mcbatna, the remote and fairly inaccessible.
Mountainous location of the new city was chosen primarily for Safety and Security from internal and external threats According to some historians.
The new capital's location was generally unknown to the rest of the world for extra security from Attack until Alexander, the Great conquered Persia.
This idea does not add up as part of the extreme opulence was to display the power might and resources that Darius had under his command to the Persians and outside visitors and envoys alike.
This last view seems to be confirmed by deciphered cuneiform texts found at persepolis, the secure location made persepolis.
The ideal place for the Royal treasury as it was deemed the safest place in the Persian Empire.
It was also the most secure location to store tributes archives artifacts precious treasures and valuable art persepolis's main complex consisted of nine buildings when completed by Darius successors around 100 years later, the names and images of Darius I, his son, Xerxes and Grandson are the Xerxes frequently appear on the various surfaces of the ruins, which remain of the ancient city.
No costs were spared.
The city was meant to be a Showplace for the might wealth and abilities of the achaemenid Kings.
And the Persian Empire vast amounts of luxurious and costly materials were imported from every known country in the ancient world, including Lebanese Cedarwood, purple dye, expensive Metals, Egyptian, cotton and Indian gold construction materials included, Stone, mudbrick and wood.
Decorations were lavishly applied, including Exquisite, reliefs and perfectly made fired and glazed bricks of yellow brown and green.
It is surmised that the double doors of the main buildings in the Royal complex were made of wood and covered with elaborately decorated metal, the workforce included skilled Artisans and artists from across the Persian Empire and also from other independent countries, a particularly fine and unusual engraving of animals and a human done with a needle controversially removed with a foot from a statue of Darius is, for instance, believed to be the work of a Greek artist.
It is now in the Met Museum New York declared a UNESCO world heritage site in 1979, persepolis is a representation of the brilliant architectural design of the ancient ecumenid, Dynasty, Darius, commissioned the construction of persepolis ca-515bc.
The first three buildings of the complex are believed to have been completed before his death.
And the fourth building, the treasury was started, but completed by his son, Xerxes 486 to 465.
the location known today as the Marv dashed plane in Iran was cleared and leveled before construction could begin the builders, elevated the terrain to form a level platform of 1345 488 square feet, 60 feet above ground level.
A portion of the complex was cut out of the mountain kui ramet mountain of Mercy cavities were filled in with soil and rocks bound together by metal clips the freshwater Supply, sewage system and groundwater drainage systems were well planned and executed engineering Marvels.
The engineers made use of several techniques to ensure adequate yet, safe supplies and runoff systems for flood water from the melting snow and precipitation.
The buildings were constructed with mud bricks and massive Precision cut stone blocks assembled without mortar.
The surfaces of these gray Limestone blocks were polished to a shiny marble-like appearance.
Darius started the project with a council Hall and his Palace.
Next was a grand white dual staircase known as the pursepolitan stairway with shallow steps on each side leading from the entrance hall to the Palace, the apadana, a massive 200 foot long, hyper-style.
Audience, Hall, boasting, a roof of Cedar beams from Lebanon is perhaps the most well-known of the ruins its roof was supported by 72 columns, 62 feet above the Terrace level.
Resting on each of the columns were animals, such as the lion and bull sculptures, representing the king's Authority dignitaries with their servants from the various states of the Persian Empire would bring gifts and pay tribute to the king in this Grand area countries and nations of dignitaries envoys and representatives of vassal states are clearly identifiable from bot reliefs carved into the walls of the Terrace below the apadana persepolis was the shop front for herodotus's shopkeeper at the Gate of all Nations Xerxes, son and successor of Darius built a majestic palace with an audience.
Hall Xerxes was Infamous for his womanizing cruel tactics and excessive spending he insisted that his Palace be double the size of his fathers, the audience, Hall featured a cedar roof, supported by four sixty-foot high columns, an L-shaped Harem with three decorated doorways and a fourth Secret Door connecting directly to the Palace was built to accommodate 22 Apartments.
The treasury was located behind the harem.
The treasury in persepolis also served as an Armory and storage area for valuable items and written records the Hall of 100 columns.
The throne Hall followed believed to have been completed by Xerxes son and successor artaxerxes eye 465 to 424 further structures built in the complex by successors to the throne of the Persian Empire include the Royal stables and Chariot house, which is thought to have been located behind the treasury and the Palace of King Xerxes, the city's Garrison in which the Army lodged was built near this darius's bodyguard and shock Force famously known as the 10 000 Immortals were also housed here.
The complex was surrounded by three walls with intervals between each wall.
These walls served as security structures for the protection of the Citadel with Towers above each wall that were always staffed by security guards.
It is not clear which successor built the walls, or when they were built, the Persian Empire was defeated.
And the City of persepolis was destroyed by Alexander, the Great in 330 BC, according to diadora's siculus in his library of world.
History Alexander and his troops were celebrating and in their drunken stupor verged on by their women, folk Set, Fire, To, The City.
Some historians surmised that the reason for this destruction was revenge for the sack of Athens by Xerxes in 480 BC before the fire was started Alexander allowed his troops to plunder the city.
And he removed the palace Treasures over a period of days again.
It is deodora siculus who describes the vast quantity of magnificent Treasures removed to safer locations.
Luckily, accumulated records were neither looted nor destroyed cuneiform inscriptions on the buildings and monuments were left intact by The Blaze.
In addition, the clay tablets and seals from the treasury and archives were only strengthened by the Heat in 1933, two sets of gold and silver plates with trilingual inscriptions were discovered under the Palace of Darius in 1971.
The ruins of persepolis were cleaned up polished and repaired for the lavish 2500 year anniversary celebrations of the Persian Empire by order of the last Shah of Persia, slash Iran French, archaeologists had a monopoly on Excavating the site until Ernst Emile herzfeld obtained permission in the 1930s to excavate there by permission of the ruler of Persia at the time Reza Shah of the pallavi dynasty, a French architect, egyptologist ironologist and gifted artist Charles chippy's reconstructed, many of the Persian Empire's ruined buildings on paper among them, the buildings and monuments of persepolis a restoration laboratory was opened at persepolis in December 2021 to restore objects from the site and vicinity it is equipped to restore physical chemical and biological damage caused by the environment in human traffic.
The former magnificence of this ancient city remains evident in the ruins.
We feel compelled to Envision the Splendor that once was part of this astonishingly, wealthy City, Vivid colors and Hues of stone and Cedarwood, magnificent reliefs, extravagant, purple curtains and cushions and lavishly decorated, Furniture in walls must have truly awed every person who saw it in ancient times.
